State Duration
Concept · Inside a fight
In short: Applying a state that is already active renews it rather than stacking: it lasts until the later of its current end and the new application’s end.
A state — Morale, Burning, Hull Breach, Assimilated — is either on a ship or not; it has no stacks. An ability that applies it for a number of rounds while it is already active renews it instead of adding to it.
The renewed state lasts until the later of two ends: the one it already had and the one the new application gives it. A shorter application never cuts a longer one short. When two abilities keep the same state up with different durations, the longer one decides when it lapses, and the shorter one only counts once the longer has run out.
Stat bonuses work differently. A bonus on a hit trigger that lasts a number of rounds stacks: each activation keeps its own duration (see each time your weapons hit the target).
See also: Morale, Burning, Hull Breach, Assimilate, Each time your weapons hit the target